Comparative Analysis of Research Instruments for Accurate Quantitative Research: A Case Study on Personality Traits Scales

Abstract

Quantitative research relies heavily on the use of scales to measure variables accurately. The selection of these scales directly impacts the validity and reliability of the research findings.This paper aims to determine which scale provides the most reliable and valid results, suitable for further research, taking the selection of the personality traits scale as an example. A comprehensive review of existing personality traits scales was conducted, followed by a quantitative study involving 696 college students from a college in Shandong, China, using convenience sampling. The study assessed three scales: the Simplified Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory (SCBFPI-40), the Brief Big Five Inventory (BFT-10), and the Big Five Inventory (BFI-44). The BFT-10 showed low reliability, with Cronbach's α below .500. The BFI-44 had moderate to good reliability, with α values between .682 and .811. The SCBFPI demonstrated high reliability, with α values over .800 for all dimensions, indicating it is a robust tool for assessing personality traits among Chinese students. Scale selection significantly affects research reliability and validity. The SCBFPI's high reliability suggests that culturally adapted scales provide more accurate measurements, whereas the BFT-10 may not be suitable for Chinese populations. Proper scale selection enhances data accuracy and research robustness. Researchers should prioritise culturally validated scales like the SCBFPI for reliable results.